Knowledge of Taekwondo for 2nd KUP

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Refereeing at competitions

Once you’re a yellow belt, you learn something about the rules. Now we will proceed in how arbitration works on competitions..

Referees are both women and men. This is how it is going.

Sparring

How and what?

A fight usually lasts 2 minutes and is decided by points. If there is a tie after the 2 minutes, another 1 minute of fighting is foreseen. If after that minute there still is no winner, then there will be a golden point.

Golden point sparring is when the two fighters have 1 minute to be the first to make a point. All techniques will give 1 point, even leg techniques to the head. The first one scoring a point according to the referees wins the fight.

Who?

Participants are divided into: chong (blue) and hong (red).

Corner referees: scoring the points. You score a point when one or more (corner referee) saw it.

Center Referee: leading the fight. He starts and stops the fight. He is the person who (center referee) interrupts the fight for giving warnings.

The jury table: The table has a Jury President and is responsible for the ring. He keeps track of which participants have to come after the current contestants. Also, there is a jury member who maintains the warnings for the final decision. The Timekeeper watches the time during the fight. There is one center referee present at the table as a reserve.

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Points

Items are listed on the points form by the corner referees. After the fight the central umpire receives the corner referees’ forms. Afterwards he brings the forms to the table. Since everything is already counted, the result is communicated by the jury president who names the winner

In sparring, the points are allocated as here below :

• 1 point for all fist techniques on the body or face
• 2 points for all leg techniques on the body
• 3 points for all leg techniques on the face

Warnings:

• Ui Ju Hanna: before a warning is given, the fight is stopped (= heachyo) and then a warning is attributed to the accused person. After three warnings, one point is deducted.
• Gam Jum Hanna: you can get a minus point through full contact (too hard, usually uncontrolled), falling down or ignoring umpire commands. Three direct minus points means disqualification (Sil Kyuk).
  

You get a warning by :

• Pushing
• Kicking below the belt
• Grabbing opponent
• Performing a technique on the back
• Deliberately avoiding battle (running away)
• Falling down (touch by hand on ground)
• Going out of the ring
• Attacking without looking
• turning away
• talking
• Claiming provoking point

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Tuls

How and what?

The higher the grade, the more a person has to perform tuls on competition. Colored belts usually performed only one tul.

Who?

There are five judges who assess the Tuls. There is still the table with the referee.

Points

The jury always takes several factors into account, including :

• strength
• balance
• breathing
• technique
• rhythm.

There are two systems used in Tul, namely points or waste system.

The five referees have the duty to designate a winner or a tie. The majority of these five is the winner.

Example 2 votes for hong and 3 for chong, chong = win.

In the point system, each referee scores points separately.

Separate points are given according to different factors. Maximum 5 points for technique and maximum 3 for strength, balance, breathing or rhythm each. One gets a final score with a maximum value of 17.

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Team sparring

In team sparring, there are five people per team. There is a toss, the winner decides which team chooses the person to bring forward as first. Points are given as described here below :

• 1 point for a tie
• 2 points for a win

The team with the most points wins.

Team Tul

The same rules as in tul are applied here. It can be assessed using waste system or the points system

A team consists of 3 to 5 people. When the points are returned separately, points are given according to the different factors as in Tul.

There is one additional factor, a maximum of 5 points for presentation, teamwork and choreography. So, a maximum value of 22 points.

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Special technics

In this discipline, the contestants have to give a kicking technique as high or as far as possible. This is depending on each discipline. A few examples :

• Tymio nopi ap cha busigi
• Tymio nomo yop cha jirugi
• Tymio dollyo chagi
• ...

It is usually a knockout round. IT goes further or higher until there is a winner. On the big competitions, points are used and there, the contestants have to perform various steps before giving the kicking technique.

Power breaking

Here we try to break, with a hand or foot technique, as many boards as possible that are disposed. Also, there can be a waste or points system used. Some techniques :

• Ap jumok jirugi
• Yop cha jirugi
• Bandae dollyo chagi
• ...

Traditional sparring

Here, a style battle is performed by a pair. It only has a few limits and is fully rehearsed by the pair. The referees determine the two winners on several factors. The different duos come taking turns on the ring.

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THE ULTIMATE TIPS FOR A GOOD TUL

Tul must begin and end in the same place.
Always correct posture, stance and positions.
The muscles of the body are completely relaxed after each operation and totally strained during movement.
Rhythmic movement execution and not stiff walk.
All in one coordinated action.
Fast or slow implementation depending on the imposed exercise.
Each tul must be perfectly known before one learns the next.
Know the significance of every move.
Perform each movement with a sense of realism.
Both offensive, defensive techniques, left and right hand techniques as powerful and streamlined.
Each tul is equivalent.

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